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The correct answer pertains to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and its role within the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), specifically under the Public Health Service umbrella. The FDA is responsible for regulating food, pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and other health-related products, aiming to ensure public safety and health. Its functions are vital to maintaining the standards necessary for public health and welfare.

In the context of HHS, the FDA works closely with other agencies but has a specific mandate focusing on scientific and safety assessments. This alignment under the Public Health Service emphasizes the importance of safeguarding the American public against risks associated with food and medical products, promoting overall health outcomes.

The other organizations listed have distinct roles that do not position them directly under the Public Health Service of HHS. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) administers major healthcare programs but operates separately from the Public Health Service. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) pertains to workplace safety regulations rather than public health in the medical sense. The World Health Organization (WHO) is an international agency and does not fall under HHS. Thus, the FDA stands out as the organization organized within the public health service of HHS.