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The role of the FDA, or the Food and Drug Administration, primarily focuses on ensuring the safety and efficacy of food and drug products in the United States. This includes evaluating new medications before they can be marketed, overseeing the safety of food supplies, and regulating medical devices, cosmetics, and tobacco products. By approving and regulating these products, the FDA protects public health and ensures that the products available to consumers are safe for consumption and effective for medical use.

This role is distinct from administering public health programs or coordinating health education initiatives, which may involve different governmental or health organizations focused on broader health outcomes rather than product-specific oversight. Similarly, supervising medical practices typically falls under the purview of healthcare professionals and specific medical boards rather than the FDA.